ASTHMA BASICS
Managing trigger exposures
Sometimes people know ahead of time that they will be in situations where they will be exposed to their asthma triggers. Sometimes these exposures are part of daily life; sometimes they are in special situations, such as while traveling, where the person may be far from regular medical care. When avoidance of the situation is not possible, you will need to take extra steps to reduce the impact of the exposure.
Maximize preventive treatment with asthma medications as well as anti-histamines and/or nasal corticosteroids (nasal sprays), if the exposure is an allergic trigger. Start treatment early if exposure is to happen at some predictable future time.
Review asthma medications with your health care provider. A health care provider may tell you to use a bronchodilator regularly during the time of the exposure or increase the dose of inhaled corticosteroids beginning several weeks before the exposure is due to begin
Be sure how to access medical advice and care during period of exposure.
Having a written out asthma action plan with detailed instructions for self monitoring, medication recommendations, and when to seek care is very important, especially when the person is away from everyday support systems. Make any possible environmental modifications before time of exposure. Depending on what the triggers are, consider house cleaning (and especially the room the person will sleep in), sending a pet on vacation outside or to a friend’s house, reducing exposure to smoke during time of exposure, use of HEPA filter, mite-proof coverings for mattress and pillow (person might need to bring their own), leaf (mold) clean up, cockroach extermination treatment.
Pollens and molds: avoidance can be very difficult but is the best approach. Molds grow in damp, dark, warm places, such as in the bathroom or under a leaky sink - so those areas need to be fixed or cleaned. Outside, leaf piles are a very common source of mold, so not playing in the leaves would be good advice. People are sensitive to varied pollens that come at different times of the year, and vary by geographical area. Ragweed pollen is a common allergen in the U.S., but don’t forget the various tree pollens too. In general, pollen counts are lower in the morning, so try to do errands early in the day. Closing the windows and turning on the air conditioner will exclude outdoor pollens and molds from the home.
Some people only have asthma symptoms during times of seasonal nasal allergy flares. In these cases, it will be helpful to start or increase the controller medicine before allergy season starts and to maximize allergy prevention and treatment. People with seasonal allergic rhinitis should start with corticosteroid nasal sprays before their allergies begin to flare. Treatment of allergic rhinitis may make a significant improvement in asthma control in some patients.